Genetic Engineering
INTRODUCTION It is defined as the technique used for the direct manipulation of an organism’s DNA to produce variations in characteristics (phenotypes) in a specific way to get the desired traits in the organisms. It has been extensively used for the manipulation of the genetic makeup of organisms. Sometimes it is also called as genetic modification and its purpose is to target the genome for alteration. In order to alter the genome, it might change the already present sequence of base pairs or it might add an extra-base or might completely delete an already existing base pair or even a complete part of DNA. It can also be used to form organisms that have DNA from another organism called transgenic organisms. This technique can be applied to a wide range of organisms ranging from a tiny virus to a fully developed sheep. GENERAL PROCEDURE For insulin production through genetic engineering following procedure is followed: First, we isolate a small extrachromosomal circular part called pl...