Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS)
Renin-Angiotensin Aldosterone System It is a hormone system involved in the regulation of blood pressure comprising of renin, aldosterone and angiotensin II 1 .It is also a determinant of renal failure as it controls the balance of electrolytes in the body through coordinated on the kidneys, blood vessels as well as heart. Renin Release Renin is released from juxtaglomerular apparatus due to a number of factors; Macula densa cells detect reduced delivery of sodium to the distal convoluted tubule. Baroreceptors in the afferent arterioles detect reduced perfusion pressure. Beta 1-adenoreceptors detects sympathetic stimulation of juxtaglomerular apparatus. Production of Angiotensin II Angiotensinogen is a protein cleaved by renin to angiotensin I which in turn gets converted to angiotensin II by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), this takes place in liver 2 . Angiotensin II is a vasoconstrictor and binds to G-protein coupled receptors, AT1 and AT2. Renal failure leads to an increa...