Immobilization Techniques
IMMOBILIZATION OF ENZYMES: The word "immobilized enzymes" applies to "enzymes that are physically bound or placed in a given area of space with preservation of their catalytic activity and can be used repeatedly and continuously." Because of their superiority over soluble enzymes, immobilized enzymes are currently the topic of great concern. The immobilization techniques are the foundation for producing a variety of biotechnology items with use in diagnostics, bio-affinity chromatography, and biosensors, besides their usage in industrial processes. Initially, only immobilized single enzymes were used, and more complicated mechanisms were formed after the 1970s including two-enzyme reactions with cofactor regeneration and living cells. Enzymes Enzymes are considered to be extremely powerful and reliable catalysts in a broad spectrum in processes distinguished by strong selectivity and action. In addition, enzymes may minimize the number of reaction steps and the...