Industrial revolution through Genetic Engineering

-

 Genetic engineering:

Genetic engineering is also called gene manipulation, in this technique we can alter the genetic material of an organism with the desired traits, this technique may also used to treat inherited disorders in newborn babies. Not only this , this technology is very useful for the production of medicines on a large scale.

 

Basic tool:

One of the basic tools of genetic engineering is Recombinant DNA technology. In this technique , we isolate the piece of DNA ,splice and insert the genetic material.

Examples: 

  • Human growth hormone
  • Insulin
 

Genetically modified products:

Genetically modified products which are currently available in the market are:

  • Vaccines
  • Antivenoms
  • Bacteria derived toxins
  • Immunoglobulins
  • Monoclonal antibodies
  • Allergens
  • Blood products and clotting factors
  • Hormones such as insulin, growth hormone
  • Enzymes
  • Heparins

Method of Genetic Engineering:

In this technology, we first isolate a DNA fragment with the help of restriction enzyme, then incorporate this DNA into vector may be plasmid, viruses and yeast cells and then make multiple copies of desired gene. 

  1. Isolation of DNA fragments
  2. Insertion of isolated fragment into vector genome
  3. Growth of recombinant vector

 

Recombinant DNA:

This is called recombinant in the sense because DNA obtained from two different organisms with  the help of restriction enzyme ( also called molecular scissors), then these two fragments joined with the help of ligase enzyme.

 

Complimentary DNA:

This cDNA obtained from mRNA with the help of reverse transcriptase & DNA polymerase enzymes.

 

Production of Human Growth Hormone on industrial scale:

HGH introduction:

HGH is a single polypeptide chain of 191 amino acids having two disulfide bonds, one between Cys-53 and Cys-165 forming large loop in the molecule and the other between Cys-182 and Cys-189 forming a small loop near C-terminus.

 

  • Gene of HGH has been inserted into plasmid PBr 322 in E.coli by recombinant DNA technology.
  • Hormone then purified from bacteria.
  • This hormone is beneficial for the treatment of hypo pituitary dwarfism.
  • Melatonin rich foods increases the HGH production by 157%.
  • Raspberries helps in boosting of HGH hormone.


By: Ghazala Jawaid

 

 

 




Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Hydrogels

-
Image
By: Batool Murtaza Abstract Hydrogels have been around for almost half a century, and one of the oldest recordings of crosslinked hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) hydrogels dates back to the 1950s. Hydrogels continue to intrigue material scientists and biological researchers today, and significant progress has been made in terms of formulations and applications. Hydrogels are a type of material that consists of a self-supporting, water-swollen three-dimensional (3D) viscoelastic network that allows molecules and cells to diffuse and adhere. Hydrogels, on the other hand, have recently received a lot of attention for their usage in a wide range of biological applications, including cell therapies, wound healing, cartilage/bone regeneration, and medication sustained release. This is due to their biocompatibility and physical qualities that are similar to those of natural tissue. Based on ancient and new papers in this subject, this study attempts to provide an overview ...
Read more

Registration Form for Volunteer Batch 2k22

-
Image
Here are some important instructions for volunteership program This is one unique kind of volunteership program, most activities will be followed with the SOPs and the whole activities will be designed and conducted by the SBA team so therefore, you have to establish the following procedure to get selected. All the individuals from life sciences background are encouraged to apply for this volunteership program and be a part of our team.!! ✨Grab this amazing opportunity to: Enhance your skills Know your potential Learn new and exciting things beyond convention Be a part of the scientific team You all are welcome to apply via the online portal on our page. Please fill in the online registration form and make sure it is very clear and concise.     Issue Date:    22-October-2022  Deadline:      27-October-2022 Link:   https://forms.gle/T4k4iFHoPQejZjny6   Phase-I: Forms should be filled with proper information and clear obje...
Read more

Innovations in Vaccinology: The Rise of Recombinant Genetic Shields

-
Image
Immune protection against infectious diseases is a crucial objective in both human and animal health. Currently, the focus of the vaccine landscape is primarily on COVID-19, which has required an unprecedented global effort to develop and deploy vaccines rapidly. Consequently, vaccination has become a dominant subject in scientific literature, and detailed discussions on specific immunization strategies and vaccine-induced immune responses are widespread in the media. This situation has underscored the challenges posed by emerging viral pandemics and the need for a universal approach to vaccine development, regardless of the pathogen-host combination. Traditional vaccine formulations, such as inactivated or attenuated versions of the whole infectious agent, have faced limitations, such as potential safety risks associated with chemical inactivation or the risk of reverting to virulence with attenuated strains. As a result, there is a growing interest in recombinant subunit vaccines. ...
Read more